Impressionism originated in France and is often characterized by concentration on the general impression produced by a scene or object and the use of small strokes (pointilism developed first by Seurat) to simulate actual reflected light. The most recognized of impressionist painters include Claude Monet, Georges Seurat, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, and Pierre Auguste Renoir. Impressionist styles were said to have originated with the colorful Romantic artist Eugene Delacroix.
	Fauvism was style of painting (post-impressionist) that flourished in France from 1898 to 1908; it used pure, brilliant colour to create a sense of an explosion on the canvas. Fauvist painters painted directly from nature like Impressionists, but their works contained a strong expressive reaction to the subjects they painted. The most recognized Fauvist painters included Paul Cezanne, Vincent Van Gogh, and Georges Seurat. Fauvist paintings were usually tied to expressionist works and greatly influenced the development of Cubist styles.
	Expressionist paintings emphasized the expression of imagination rather than solely realistic portrayal, seeking to depict not just objective reality but the subjective emotions and responses that objects and events arouse in the artist. The most famous of expressionist painters included Vincent Van Gogh, Paul Cezanne, and Edvard Munch.
	Cubism was the highly influential visual arts style of the 20th century that was created principally by the painters Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque in Paris between 1907 and 1914. The Cubist style emphasized the flat, two-dimensional surface of the picture plane, rejecting the traditional techniques of perspective, foreshortening, modeling, chiaroscuro and refuting time-honoured theories of art as the imitation of nature. The subject matter is portrayed by geometric forms without realistic detail, stressing abstract form at the expense of other pictorial elements.
	Surrealism was a literary and artistic movement that attempted to express the workings of the subconscious (dreams) by fantastic imagery and incongruous juxtaposition of subject matter. Surrealist paintings and sculptures often refected the imagery of the unrealistic, and unimaginable. Artist Salvador Dali and scupltors Constantin Brancusi and Alberto Giacometti created works which strayed from traditional subject matter.